Post by Deleted on Feb 17, 2018 12:39:29 GMT -6
What is this about?
This thread is intended to give an overview over several interpretations/timelines of the 70 weeks of Daniel, I'm currently aware of. Sometimes it may be helpful to be reminded of other views some smart people have developed yet.
All interpretations/models are simply presented to the reader without any assessment. You decide.
During the time this post may be updated with other/new models or even more details.
I am not going into details regarding the common agreement, that the word translated as 'weeks' (שבעים = seven, Strong H7620) has the meaning of week of years.
First I want to give a compilation of various translations of Daniel 9, 24-27, because the interpretations and timelines of Daniel's 70 weeks are heavily dependent on the preferred translation of these verses.
Various translations of Daniel 9,24-27
KJV:
24 Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy.
25 Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times.
26 And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined.
27 And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate.
LXX (english translation of Greek Septuagint):
24 Seventy weeks have been determined upon thy people, and upon the holy city, for sin to be ended, and to seal up transgressions, and to blot out the iniquities, and to make atonement for iniquities, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal the vision and the prophet, and to anoint the Most Holy.
25 And thou shalt know and understand, that from the going forth of the command for the answer and for the building of Jerusalem until Christ the prince there shall be seven weeks, and sixty-two weeks; and then the time shall return, and the street shall be built, and the wall, and the times shall be exhausted.
26 And after the sixty-two weeks, the anointed one shall be destroyed, and there is no judgment in him: and he shall destroy the city and the sanctuary with the prince that is coming: they shall be cut off with a flood, and to the end of the war which is rapidly completed he shall appoint the city to desolations.
27 And one week shall establish the covenant with many: and in the midst of the week my sacrifice and drink-offering shall be taken away: and on the temple shall be the abomination of desolations; and at the end of time an end shall be put to the desolation.
NIV:
24 Seventy ‘sevens’ are decreed for your people and your holy city to finish transgression, to put an end to sin, to atone for wickedness, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal up vision and prophecy and to anoint the Most Holy Place.
25 Know and understand this: From the time the word goes out to restore and rebuild Jerusalem until the Anointed One, the ruler, comes, there will be seven ‘sevens,’ and sixty-two ‘sevens.’ It will be rebuilt with streets and a trench, but in times of trouble.
26 After the sixty-two ‘sevens,’ the Anointed One will be put to death and will have nothing. The people of the ruler who will come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. The end will come like a flood: War will continue until the end, and desolations have been decreed.
27 He will confirm a covenant with many for one ‘seven.’In the middle of the ‘seven’ he will put an end to sacrifice and offering. And at the temple he will set up an abomination that causes desolation, until the end that is decreed is poured out on him.
NIRV:
24 The Lord has appointed 70 ‘weeks’ for your people and your holy city. During that time, acts against God's law will be stopped. Sin will come to an end. And the evil things people do will be paid for. Then everyone will always do what is right. Everything that has been made known in visions and prophecies will come true. And the Most Holy Room in the temple will be anointed.
25 Here is what I want you to know and understand. There will be seven ‘weeks.’ Then there will be 62 ‘weeks.’ The seven ‘weeks’ will begin when an order is given to rebuild Jerusalem and make it like new again. “At the end of the 62 ‘weeks,’ the Anointed King will come. Jerusalem will have streets and a water system when it is rebuilt. But that will be done in times of trouble.
26 After the 62 ‘weeks,’ the Anointed King will be cut off. His followers will desert him. And everything he has will be taken away from him. The army of the ruler who will come will destroy the city and the temple. The end will come like a flood. War will continue until the end. The Lord has ordered that many places be destroyed.
27 A covenant will be put into effect with many people for one ‘week.’ In the middle of the ‘week’ sacrifices and offerings will come to an end. In one part of the temple a hated thing that destroys will be set up. It will remain until the Lord brings the end he has ordered.
ESV:
24 Seventy weeks are decreed about your people and your holy city, to finish the transgression, to put an end to sin, and to atone for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal both vision and prophet, and to anoint a most holy place.
25 Know therefore and understand that from the going out of the word to restore and build Jerusalem to the coming of an anointed one, a prince, there shall be seven weeks. Then for sixty-two weeks it shall be built again with squares and moat, but in a troubled time.
26 And after the sixty-two weeks, an anointed one shall be cut off and shall have nothing. And the people of the prince who is to come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary. Its end shall come with a flood, and to the end there shall be war. Desolations are decreed.
27 And he shall make a strong covenant with many for one week, and for half of the week he shall put an end to sacrifice and offering. And on the wing of abominations shall come one who makes desolate, until the decreed end is poured out on the desolator.
The theological camps
We have two main interpretation lines:
Christological vs Non-Christological
The Non-Christological camp
No reference to Christ is seen in Daniel 9,24-27.
This camp can be split into two more groups, the liberal bible critics and the amillenial conservatives. Some of the bible critcs even doubt the authenticity of the book of Daniel, the assumed date of writing or confuse the 70 weeks with the 70 yr Babylonian captivity of the Jews.
The views of the Non-Christological camp are not subject of this post.
The Christological camp
Proponents of this camp see a clear reference to Christ in Daniel 9,24-27 especially in verse 25a or verse 26a (or both).
The Timelines
Some numbers for conveniance
Prophetic year (1 yr = 360 days, also called lunar year) calculation
1 week = 7 years = 2.520 days
7 weeks = 49 years = 17.640 days
62 weeks = 434 years = 156.240 days
69 weeks = 483 years = 173.880 days
70 weeks = 490 years = 176.400 days
Solar year (1 yr = 365,25 days) calculation
1 week = 7 years = 2.556,75 days
7 weeks = 49 years = 17.897,25 days
62 weeks = 434 years = 158.518,5 days
69 weeks = 483 years = 176.415,75 days
70 weeks = 490 years = 178.972,5 days
Timeline A
Proponents: Robert Anderson, Chuck Missler
Short outline: 7 + 62 – gap – 70th week
Description:
Started with the commandment to restore and build Jerusalem, given by Artaxerxes Longimanus to Nehemiah on March, 14, 445 BC
62 weeks (69th week) ended with the triumphal entry of Jesus in Jerusalem on the donkey on April 6, 32 AD
Anderson calculated the difference between the two dates to 173.880 days, which fit exactly in 483 (prophetic, lunar) years, each 360 days long.
Since then we have a gap between the 69th and the 70th (still future) week
More details can be found here
Sidenote: I tried to reenact Anderson's calculation with the help of several calendar calulators, but always ended up with 173882 days. So maybe either the algorithms of these calculators are wrong or Anderson's calculation. Any hints are appreciated...
Timeline B
Proponents: David R.Reagan
Short outline: 7 + 62 – gap – 70th week
Description:
David R.Reagan follows a slightly different approach.
His main argument is, that the Jews are following a solar-lunar calender and thus solar years must be used.
Started with the edict of Artaxerxes given to Ezra (Ezra 7:11-26, 9:9) in 457 BC
62 weeks (69th week) ended with the beginning of Jesus' ministry in 27 AD
Since then we have a gap between the 69th and the 70th (still future) week.
More details can be found here.
Timeline C
Proponents: J.R.Church
Short outline: 7 – first gap – 62 – second gap – 70th week
Description:
This timeline assumes, that the start of a mentioned period must align with the Sabbatical Cycle (Jubilee Years) given in the Mosaic Law. This assumption is mainly based on the use of the word "weeks" (Hebrew shevuim). According to J.R.Church these weeks were to be seven-year cycles, each beginning with year one and concluding with year seven as a Sabbatical year as was established in the Mosaic Law.
The first commandment to restore and build Jerusalem was issued in autumn of 537 BC by King Cyrus. This Cyrus was the Cyrus of which Isaiah had prophesied:
Isaiah 44:28
That saith of Cyrus, He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built; and to the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid.
Isaiah 45:1
Thus saith the LORD to his anointed, to Cyrus, whose right hand I have holden, to subdue nations before him; and I will loose the loins of kings, to open before him the two leaved gates; and the gates shall not be shut;
The first 7 yr period ended in 485 BC with the death of Ahasuerus, the husband of the famed Queen Esther.
Then followed a 77 yr gap between the 7th and 8th week, called an Interim Period.
The 62 yr period started in 408/407 BC, the 21st Jubilee Year.
According to Bishop James Ussher, the 21st Jubilee was the last one seen by prophets of the Old Testament and the period of the prophets came to an end with Malachi, who was very likely a contemporary of Nehemiah. These years are also known as the "silent years".
The 62 weeks would bring us directly to the Sabbatical Year 26/27 AD and the emerging ministries of John the Baptist and Jesus Christ.
After that we see the second gap lasting until today with the 70th week still future.
Details can be read in the book of J.R.Church "Daniel Reveals the Bloodline of the Antichrist".
(The above summary was in parts taken from this book)
(to be continued from time to time....)
This thread is intended to give an overview over several interpretations/timelines of the 70 weeks of Daniel, I'm currently aware of. Sometimes it may be helpful to be reminded of other views some smart people have developed yet.
All interpretations/models are simply presented to the reader without any assessment. You decide.
During the time this post may be updated with other/new models or even more details.
I am not going into details regarding the common agreement, that the word translated as 'weeks' (שבעים = seven, Strong H7620) has the meaning of week of years.
First I want to give a compilation of various translations of Daniel 9, 24-27, because the interpretations and timelines of Daniel's 70 weeks are heavily dependent on the preferred translation of these verses.
Various translations of Daniel 9,24-27
KJV:
24 Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy.
25 Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times.
26 And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined.
27 And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate.
LXX (english translation of Greek Septuagint):
24 Seventy weeks have been determined upon thy people, and upon the holy city, for sin to be ended, and to seal up transgressions, and to blot out the iniquities, and to make atonement for iniquities, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal the vision and the prophet, and to anoint the Most Holy.
25 And thou shalt know and understand, that from the going forth of the command for the answer and for the building of Jerusalem until Christ the prince there shall be seven weeks, and sixty-two weeks; and then the time shall return, and the street shall be built, and the wall, and the times shall be exhausted.
26 And after the sixty-two weeks, the anointed one shall be destroyed, and there is no judgment in him: and he shall destroy the city and the sanctuary with the prince that is coming: they shall be cut off with a flood, and to the end of the war which is rapidly completed he shall appoint the city to desolations.
27 And one week shall establish the covenant with many: and in the midst of the week my sacrifice and drink-offering shall be taken away: and on the temple shall be the abomination of desolations; and at the end of time an end shall be put to the desolation.
NIV:
24 Seventy ‘sevens’ are decreed for your people and your holy city to finish transgression, to put an end to sin, to atone for wickedness, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal up vision and prophecy and to anoint the Most Holy Place.
25 Know and understand this: From the time the word goes out to restore and rebuild Jerusalem until the Anointed One, the ruler, comes, there will be seven ‘sevens,’ and sixty-two ‘sevens.’ It will be rebuilt with streets and a trench, but in times of trouble.
26 After the sixty-two ‘sevens,’ the Anointed One will be put to death and will have nothing. The people of the ruler who will come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. The end will come like a flood: War will continue until the end, and desolations have been decreed.
27 He will confirm a covenant with many for one ‘seven.’In the middle of the ‘seven’ he will put an end to sacrifice and offering. And at the temple he will set up an abomination that causes desolation, until the end that is decreed is poured out on him.
NIRV:
24 The Lord has appointed 70 ‘weeks’ for your people and your holy city. During that time, acts against God's law will be stopped. Sin will come to an end. And the evil things people do will be paid for. Then everyone will always do what is right. Everything that has been made known in visions and prophecies will come true. And the Most Holy Room in the temple will be anointed.
25 Here is what I want you to know and understand. There will be seven ‘weeks.’ Then there will be 62 ‘weeks.’ The seven ‘weeks’ will begin when an order is given to rebuild Jerusalem and make it like new again. “At the end of the 62 ‘weeks,’ the Anointed King will come. Jerusalem will have streets and a water system when it is rebuilt. But that will be done in times of trouble.
26 After the 62 ‘weeks,’ the Anointed King will be cut off. His followers will desert him. And everything he has will be taken away from him. The army of the ruler who will come will destroy the city and the temple. The end will come like a flood. War will continue until the end. The Lord has ordered that many places be destroyed.
27 A covenant will be put into effect with many people for one ‘week.’ In the middle of the ‘week’ sacrifices and offerings will come to an end. In one part of the temple a hated thing that destroys will be set up. It will remain until the Lord brings the end he has ordered.
ESV:
24 Seventy weeks are decreed about your people and your holy city, to finish the transgression, to put an end to sin, and to atone for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal both vision and prophet, and to anoint a most holy place.
25 Know therefore and understand that from the going out of the word to restore and build Jerusalem to the coming of an anointed one, a prince, there shall be seven weeks. Then for sixty-two weeks it shall be built again with squares and moat, but in a troubled time.
26 And after the sixty-two weeks, an anointed one shall be cut off and shall have nothing. And the people of the prince who is to come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary. Its end shall come with a flood, and to the end there shall be war. Desolations are decreed.
27 And he shall make a strong covenant with many for one week, and for half of the week he shall put an end to sacrifice and offering. And on the wing of abominations shall come one who makes desolate, until the decreed end is poured out on the desolator.
The theological camps
We have two main interpretation lines:
Christological vs Non-Christological
The Non-Christological camp
No reference to Christ is seen in Daniel 9,24-27.
This camp can be split into two more groups, the liberal bible critics and the amillenial conservatives. Some of the bible critcs even doubt the authenticity of the book of Daniel, the assumed date of writing or confuse the 70 weeks with the 70 yr Babylonian captivity of the Jews.
The views of the Non-Christological camp are not subject of this post.
The Christological camp
Proponents of this camp see a clear reference to Christ in Daniel 9,24-27 especially in verse 25a or verse 26a (or both).
The Timelines
Some numbers for conveniance
Prophetic year (1 yr = 360 days, also called lunar year) calculation
1 week = 7 years = 2.520 days
7 weeks = 49 years = 17.640 days
62 weeks = 434 years = 156.240 days
69 weeks = 483 years = 173.880 days
70 weeks = 490 years = 176.400 days
Solar year (1 yr = 365,25 days) calculation
1 week = 7 years = 2.556,75 days
7 weeks = 49 years = 17.897,25 days
62 weeks = 434 years = 158.518,5 days
69 weeks = 483 years = 176.415,75 days
70 weeks = 490 years = 178.972,5 days
Timeline A
Proponents: Robert Anderson, Chuck Missler
Short outline: 7 + 62 – gap – 70th week
Description:
Started with the commandment to restore and build Jerusalem, given by Artaxerxes Longimanus to Nehemiah on March, 14, 445 BC
62 weeks (69th week) ended with the triumphal entry of Jesus in Jerusalem on the donkey on April 6, 32 AD
Anderson calculated the difference between the two dates to 173.880 days, which fit exactly in 483 (prophetic, lunar) years, each 360 days long.
Since then we have a gap between the 69th and the 70th (still future) week
More details can be found here
Sidenote: I tried to reenact Anderson's calculation with the help of several calendar calulators, but always ended up with 173882 days. So maybe either the algorithms of these calculators are wrong or Anderson's calculation. Any hints are appreciated...
Timeline B
Proponents: David R.Reagan
Short outline: 7 + 62 – gap – 70th week
Description:
David R.Reagan follows a slightly different approach.
His main argument is, that the Jews are following a solar-lunar calender and thus solar years must be used.
Started with the edict of Artaxerxes given to Ezra (Ezra 7:11-26, 9:9) in 457 BC
62 weeks (69th week) ended with the beginning of Jesus' ministry in 27 AD
Since then we have a gap between the 69th and the 70th (still future) week.
More details can be found here.
Timeline C
Proponents: J.R.Church
Short outline: 7 – first gap – 62 – second gap – 70th week
Description:
This timeline assumes, that the start of a mentioned period must align with the Sabbatical Cycle (Jubilee Years) given in the Mosaic Law. This assumption is mainly based on the use of the word "weeks" (Hebrew shevuim). According to J.R.Church these weeks were to be seven-year cycles, each beginning with year one and concluding with year seven as a Sabbatical year as was established in the Mosaic Law.
The first commandment to restore and build Jerusalem was issued in autumn of 537 BC by King Cyrus. This Cyrus was the Cyrus of which Isaiah had prophesied:
Isaiah 44:28
That saith of Cyrus, He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built; and to the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid.
Isaiah 45:1
Thus saith the LORD to his anointed, to Cyrus, whose right hand I have holden, to subdue nations before him; and I will loose the loins of kings, to open before him the two leaved gates; and the gates shall not be shut;
The first 7 yr period ended in 485 BC with the death of Ahasuerus, the husband of the famed Queen Esther.
Then followed a 77 yr gap between the 7th and 8th week, called an Interim Period.
The 62 yr period started in 408/407 BC, the 21st Jubilee Year.
According to Bishop James Ussher, the 21st Jubilee was the last one seen by prophets of the Old Testament and the period of the prophets came to an end with Malachi, who was very likely a contemporary of Nehemiah. These years are also known as the "silent years".
The 62 weeks would bring us directly to the Sabbatical Year 26/27 AD and the emerging ministries of John the Baptist and Jesus Christ.
After that we see the second gap lasting until today with the 70th week still future.
Details can be read in the book of J.R.Church "Daniel Reveals the Bloodline of the Antichrist".
(The above summary was in parts taken from this book)
(to be continued from time to time....)
)
